Documentation for the meterogological tower at the Asotin landfill. This tower provides local weather conditions in the up-river portion of the LC Valley. Measurements include:
- At 33ft (10m), via ultrasonic weather station (150WX; Airmar Technologies)
- Temperature
- Relative humidity
- Dewpoint
- Barometric pressure
- Wind speed
- Wind direction
- Location (GPS)
- At 6.5ft (2m), via digital T/RH probe (CS215; Campbell Scientific)
in double-louvered radiation shield
- Temperature
- Relative humidity
A programmable datalogger (CR1000; Campbell Scientific) acquires and stores data to CompactFlash media. Raw measurements are aggregated into 1-min and 30-min values. Data is automatically retrieved several times daily by a computer in the Mobile Air Chemistry Laboratory for consumption by researchers.
A broadband modem provides internet connectivity to facilite remote operation, including automatic data collection, and provide the datalogger with a stable time source (NTP). Communications are encrypted and services are password protected.
The tower (UT30; Campbell Scientific) is anchored to a weighted shipping pallet and guyed at mid-level with 1/8" wire rope to driven earth anchors (DUCKBILL 88; Foresight Products).
- Connect things
- Power input (120VAC line source or 16-28VDC 20W solar panel) to battery-backed 12VDC regulator in enclosure
- If using solar power: external 12V deep-cycle battery to 12VDC regulator's auxilary battery terminal
- Weather station data cable to RS422/RS232 converter data terminal and 12VDC supply from datalogger
- Antenna to broadband modem
- Turn things on using ON/OFF switch of the battery-backed 12V regulator
- Validate operation by
- Attaching keyboard display to CSI/O port
- Navigating to
http://the.modem.ip.address(and possibly entering HTTP password) - (FUTURE:) Connect using Bluetooth and review data using LoggerLink
Data files are in the "TOA5" format (Campbell Scientific), a multi-header comma-separated values file. If you use the excellent pandas Python library, try this:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('/path/to/data/file.dat',
index_col=0, # timestamps in first column
parse_dates=True, # iso8601
header=1, # 1st line metadata 2nd headers
skiprows=[2,3], # 3rd units 4th agg type
# Table 129 (p484) in CR1000 manual rev. 4/13/15
# https://s.campbellsci.com/documents/us/manuals/cr1000.pdf
na_values=['NAN', -7999, 7999], keep_default_na=False)See these two Jupyter notebooks (rendered via nbviewer):
Primary data product.
- Table name: halfhourly
- Record interval: 30 minutes (closed left, label right)
- Aggregation: mean 30-min values of real-time measurements
- mean RH is derived from mean actual & saturated water vapor pressures
- standard deviation of wind direction is calculated using the Yamartino algorithm, which complies with EPA guidelines for use with straight-line Gaussian dispersion models to model plume transport (ref: WindVector, CRBasic Program Reference for CR1000.Std.29. Campbell Scientific Inc.)
TODO see if model will be variable-trajectory so use option 2 instead of 0?
| Column name | Units | Description |
|---|---|---|
| P_10m_Avg | mbar | mean barometric pressure at 10m |
| T_10m_Avg | degC | mean air temperature at 10m |
| RH_10m_Avg | % | mean relative humidity at 10m |
| WS_10m_Avg | m/s | mean horizontal wind speed at 10m |
| WD_10m_unit_Avg | degTN | unit vector mean wind direction at 10m |
| WD_10m_epa_Std | deg | standard deviation of wind direction at 10m |
| T_2m_Avg | degC | mean air temperature at 2m |
| RH_2m_Avg | % | mean relative humidity at 2m |
Secondary data product.
- Table name: minutely
- Record interval: 1 minute (closed left, label right)
- Aggregation: median 1-min values of real-time measurements
| Column name | Units | Description |
|---|---|---|
| P_10m | mbar | barometric pressure at 10m |
| T_10m | degC | air temperature at 10m |
| RH_10m | % | relative humidity at 10m |
| WS_10m | m/s | wind speed at 10m |
| WD_10m | degTN | wind direction at 10m |
| T_2m | degC | air temperature at 2m |
| RH_2m | % | relative humidity at 2m |
Intended for diagnostics mostly, or teaching etc. Limited to weather station only; ground-level T/RH probe is not included.
- Table name: tsdata
- Record interval: 1 second
- Aggregation: none; represents real-time measurements
| Column name | Units | Description |
|---|---|---|
| P_10m | mbar | barometric pressure at 10m |
| T_10m | degC | air temperature at 10m |
| RH_10m | % | relative humidity at 10m |
| dewpoint_10m | degC | dewpoint at 10m |
| WS_10m | m/s | wind speed at 10m |
| WD_10m | degTN | wind direction at 10m |
Preferred tower location, with measurements to closest building and windroses for the nearest airport (across the valley) (source: http://windhistory.com).
The tower actually landed here:
Here's a view of the erect tower (facing almost SE):
Another image from outside the gates:
Step-by-step instructions are available in the relevant user manuals. See References below.
Use Airmar WeatherCaster
to disable all NMEA0183 sentences except WIMDA and GPRMC. Keep the
default 1Hz (0:01.00) interval.
Eliminating unnecessary sentences will make parsing the interleaved data stream much easier.
Using factory defaults, the 150WX produces a lot of data:
Update the configuration as shown here:
After power cycling, the new configuration persists:
Once the GPS has signal lock, the data stream looks like this:
This devices does not require any configuration before use.
Use Device Configuration Utility to secure the datalogger (since it will be Public):
- Disable Telnet
- Disable FTP
- Enable/set a Level 1 or higher security code
- Enable/set a PakBus encryption key
- Eanble/set a PakBus/TCP password
- (FUTURE?) Enable/set an HTTP password (.csipasswd)
Login to the device's web interface (typ. http://192.168.13.31:9191 from the LAN side) and set the following configuration (on factory defaults):
- LAN > Ethernet
- Host Public Mode: Ethernet Uses Public IP
- LAN > Global DNS (optional, recommended)
- Alternate Primary DNS:
- Alternate Secondary DNS:
- Services > ACEManager (optional, strongly recommended for emergency remote
administration)
- OTA ACEmanager Access: SSL Only
- Services > Telnet/SSH
- AT Server Mode: SSH
- [Make SSH Keys] button: Press if SSH is not initalized
- Services > Time (SNTP)
- Enable time update: Enabled
- SNTP Server Address: pick one
Apply and reboot.
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Campbell Scientific, Inc. CR1000 Measurement and Control System Operator's Manual. Revision 2015 Apr 13. Online: https://s.campbellsci.com/documents/us/manuals/cr1000.pdf
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Campbell Scientific, Inc. CRBasic Program Reference: WindVector. Version CR1000.Std.29. CRBasic Editor.
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Campbell Scientific, Inc. CS215 Temperature and Relative Humidity Probe Instruction Manual. Revision 2016 Apr. Online: https://s.campbellsci.com/documents/us/manuals/cs215.pdf
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Campbell Scientific, Inc. UT20 and UT30 Universal Towers Instruction Manual. Revision 2016 June. Online: https://s.campbellsci.com/documents/us/manuals/ut30.pdf
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Airmar Technology Corp. PB100 WeatherStation Technical Manual. Revision 1.007. Online: http://www.airmartechnology.com/uploads/installguide/PB100TechnicalManual_rev1.007.pdf
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Airmar Technology Corp. Ultrasonic WeatherStation Instrument Owner's Guide & Installation Instructions. Revision 2016 Jan 28. Online: http://airmartechnology.com/uploads/InstallGuide/17-461-01.pdf