refactor: replace message.Debug with context logger

[phillebaba]

Description

This is the first PR in a chain introducing structured logging to Zarf.

Related Issue

Relates to #2576

Checklist before merging

• Test, docs, adr added or updated as needed
• Contributor Guide Steps followed

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 12.41830% with 134 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/pkg/logging/handler.go	0.00%	29 Missing ⚠️
src/cmd/package.go	0.00%	11 Missing ⚠️
src/pkg/utils/wait.go	0.00%	11 Missing ⚠️
src/pkg/packager/deploy.go	16.66%	10 Missing ⚠️
src/pkg/cluster/data.go	0.00%	7 Missing ⚠️
src/pkg/cluster/tunnel.go	0.00%	7 Missing ⚠️
src/pkg/logging/logging.go	40.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
src/internal/git/repository.go	0.00%	5 Missing ⚠️
src/cmd/dev.go	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
src/internal/agent/http/proxy.go	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
... and 20 more

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/internal/agent/hooks/argocd-application.go	75.00% <ø> (-0.93%)	⬇️
src/internal/agent/hooks/argocd-repository.go	78.26% <ø> (-0.47%)	⬇️
src/internal/agent/hooks/flux-gitrepo.go	86.04% <ø> (-0.63%)	⬇️
src/internal/agent/hooks/flux-helmrepo.go	78.26% <ø> (-0.91%)	⬇️
src/internal/agent/hooks/flux-ocirepo.go	83.60% <ø> (-0.53%)	⬇️
src/internal/packager/images/pull.go	43.86% <100.00%> (ø)
src/internal/packager/images/push.go	0.00% <ø> (ø)
src/internal/packager/template/template.go	60.60% <100.00%> (ø)
src/pkg/cluster/state.go	62.90% <100.00%> (ø)
src/pkg/layout/component.go	0.00% <ø> (ø)
... and 33 more

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